Now, I know what you’re going to say: that the banjo was invented a long time ago by a person nobody knows now. But I’m not talking about just any banjo, I’m talking about the 5-string banjo, with four long strings and a short one at the top: a banjo like the ones we use to play American bluegrass and traditional music on now.
According to bluegrass legend, the inventor of the 5-string (in its modern configuration) was Joel Walker Sweeney, an 1800s minstrel from near Appomattox, Virginia. Well, it so happened that I was driving along a highway in south-central Virginia one day a few years ago, and I suddenly noticed this sign at the side of the road:
A light came on. I was near Appomattox! This sign must be talking about THE Joel Walker Sweeney, the man who invented the 5-string. So I got out my trusty camera and took a picture of the sign, and then followed the driveway nearby back to a small family graveyard some distance from an old house. Some of the stones in the tiny cemetery were modern, but one of them said clearly:
–so I stood for a few minutes in contemplation, and took a picture of the stone as well.
I have heard that Joel W. Sweeney and his minstrel troupe were tremendously popular in their day, and even crossed the Atlantic to make a European tour, and while they were there, they played for the queen of England. So the Sweeneys were real entertainment stars, way back then. Then when the Civil War came, Joel’s brother Sam joined the Confederate army and was taken into the staff of cavalry General J.E.B. Stuart, who really liked Sam’s playing and even had him play when riding along on cavalry raids. So the Sweeney family left its mark on American music and saw a lot of history being made.
There are some who say (and perhaps correctly) that Joel Sweeney didn’t invent the 5-string banjo, but just popularized it. But whatever role he played, he’s famous for it now. If you ever happen to see that historical marker, just take a few minutes off from your trip and spend them with the Inventor of the Banjo.








